Posted: February 21st, 2022

Discuss pharmacological versus non-pharmacological nursing interventions

Discuss pharmacological versus non-pharmacological nursing interventions used for pain management during labor and birth. List two different classifications of drugs used for pain relief during labor and delivery, and include potential side effects of the drugs on the fetus. 

During labor and the process of giving birth, pregnant women can undergo a paining process that requires immediate interventions from caregivers to facilitate safe delivery with less pain experience (NWH, 2019). Among the primary causes of painful experience during labor and birth include progressive contraction of the uterus muscles and increased pressure on the cervix, an aspect that results in a feeling of strong achy, cramping in the abdomen and the back. Some women may also experience pain in the thighs. In order to effectively manage pain during labor and birth, nurses may be required to apply both non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions.

Among the non-pharmacological interventions that could be applied to manage labor pains include; birthing ball, which is professionally made to be used in physical therapy. Birthing ball can be used with internal and external electronic fetal heart monitor. Another approach is the patterned breathing technique which facilitates labor progress and as well enhances oxygen flow to the baby (NWH, 2019). Also, beverages are recommended to ensure laboring. Other non-pharmacological interventions for pain management are movement and position changes like sitting, standing, and walking; as for pharmacological interventions for labor pain management, it should be noted that techniques such as epidural anesthesia, local anesthesia, narcotic analgesics, spinal block, and general anesthesia. Narcotic analgesics usually are given directly into an intravenous catheter. It speeds up labor progress. 

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